With the widespread popularity of new energy vehicles and portable electronic devices, power batteries, as the core energy source of these devices, have attracted more and more attention. Power Battery has various forms and complicated technology. In practical application, battery Pack, as an important primary unit of power battery, its concept and function cannot be ignored. This article will focus on various forms of power battery, focusing on the definition, structure and key role of battery Pack in power system.

I. Various forms of power batteries

power Battery, as its name implies, is a battery that provides electric energy for power system and is widely used in electric vehicles, electric tools, electric bicycles and other fields. According to different design ideas and application requirements, the forms of power batteries are also different, mainly including the following categories:

1. cylindrical Battery
   cylindrical battery is a traditional and mature battery form, similar to the common AA battery in appearance, but larger in size. Its advantages lie in mature manufacturing process, low cost and good heat dissipation performance. Typical representative, such as 18650 lithium ion batteries, are widely used in electric vehicles and energy storage equipment.

2. Square battery (soft pack battery)
   square battery usually refers to soft pack battery, which uses aluminum plastic film as the shell, with flexible volume, light weight and high energy density. Soft Pack batteries are easy to design into various shapes, suitable for efficient layout in limited space, and are commonly used in new energy vehicles, smart phones and other devices.

3. Prismatic Battery
   prismatic batteries are between cylindrical and soft-clad batteries. The shell is usually a metal shell with regular shape and strong pressure bearing capacity, which is suitable for application environments with high safety requirements. Its volume utilization rate and heat dissipation performance are also relatively balanced.

Different forms of power batteries have their own advantages and limitations in performance, manufacturing cost, packaging method and application environment. Choosing the appropriate battery form is an important link in system design.

2. What is a battery Pack?

Battery Pack(Battery Pack) is a Battery system unit that meets specific voltage, current and capacity requirements through reasonable connection and integration of multiple single batteries. In short, battery Pack is the "combination" of batteries. It not only contains several single batteries, but also integrates protection circuit, monitoring system and thermal management device.

The core function of battery Pack is to integrate the energy of single battery to meet the demand of equipment for power and battery life, and at the same time ensure the safe and stable operation of battery. It is the key bridge connecting the battery and the electric control system of the whole vehicle in the power battery system.

III. Structure of battery Pack

A complete battery Pack usually includes the following main parts:

1. single battery pack
   it consists of multiple single cells combined in series and parallel. Increase voltage in series and increase capacity and current output capability in parallel. Different combinations determine the total voltage and capacity of Pack.

2. Battery Management System (BMS)
   BMS is the "brain" of battery Pack, which is responsible for monitoring the voltage, current, temperature and other parameters of the battery in real time. It can realize the functions of balanced charge and discharge, overcharge and overdischarge protection, overtemperature protection, etc. of the battery, and ensure the safety and service life of the battery.

3. Thermal management system
   power batteries generate heat during charging and discharging, and abnormal temperature will affect battery performance and even cause potential safety hazards. The thermal management system uses liquid cooling, air cooling, or phase change materials to control battery Pack to ensure that it works within a safe range.

4. Mechanical structural parts
   including Shell, bracket, insulation material etc, to ensure the mechanical strength and protective performance of battery Pack. The design of mechanical structure needs to give consideration to weight, volume, heat dissipation and seismic performance.

5. Connectors and cables
   realize the electrical connection between battery Pack and vehicle electronic control system to ensure the efficient transmission of electric energy.

IV. Main functions of battery Pack

battery Pack plays multiple key roles in the power battery system, including:

1. provide stable and reliable power output
   through reasonable series-parallel combination, battery Pack can meet the requirements of electric vehicles or other equipment for high voltage and large capacity, provide stable power supply for power system, and support long-term operation and high power output.

2. Ensure battery safety
   the built-in battery management system can monitor the battery status to prevent dangerous situations such as overcharge, overdischarge, short circuit and overheating. Take protective measures in time to avoid battery damage or safety accidents.

3. Optimize battery performance and life
   through Battery balancing technology, ensure that the voltage of each single battery is consistent, avoid uneven capacity attenuation caused by differences between batteries, and prolong the service life of the overall battery Pack.

4. Thermal management control
   the effective thermal management system keeps the battery temperature within a reasonable range, improves the battery efficiency and safety, and avoids performance degradation or failure caused by abnormal temperature.

5. Structural Integration and easy installation
   Battery Pack integrates multiple single batteries and related systems in a single structure, which facilitates installation and maintenance in vehicles or equipment. At the same time, the structural design also considers environmental adaptability such as shockproof and waterproof.

6. Data collection and communication
   BMS can transmit the battery status information to the vehicle control system, which is convenient for real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis and realizes intelligent management.

V. Practical application significance of power battery Pack

as the core component of power system, power battery Pack directly affects the endurance, safety performance and operation stability of new energy vehicles. Its design quality and technical level determine the performance and user experience of the whole vehicle.

The Pack formed by reasonable integration of different forms of power battery units can meet the diversified needs from small electric vehicles to large commercial vehicles. The safety protection and thermal management functions of the battery Pack are also the key guarantee to ensure the stable operation of the power battery system.

In addition, battery Pack the modular design also facilitates the maintenance, replacement and upgrade of the battery, reduces the maintenance cost of the vehicle and improves the convenience of use.

Power electricityThe pool has a variety of forms, including cylindrical, square, and prismatic. Each form has its unique advantages and application scenarios. The battery Pack is a battery system unit that meets specific requirements through scientific combination and integration of these single batteries.

Battery Pack not only provides stable energy output, but also undertakes multiple important functions such as battery management, protection and thermal control to ensure safe, reliable and efficient operation of power battery system. It is an indispensable core link in power battery technology and is of great significance to ensure the stability of new energy vehicles and other power equipment.